Abstract . As the climate changes, warmer spring temperatures are causing earlier leaf-out1 , 2 , 3and commencement of CO 2 uptake1 , 3in temperate deciduous forests, resulting in a tendency towards increased growing season length3and annual CO 2 uptake1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7. However, less is known about how spring temperatures affect tree stem growth8 , 9, which sequesters carbon in wood that has a long residence time in the ecosystem ...