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Nature Communications
Latest Research articles . Physical sciences . Resonant tunneling driven metal-insulator transition in double quantum-well structures of strongly correlated oxide . The metal-insulator transition is typically controlled by carrier accumulation or chemical doping. Here, the authors realize an alternative method based on resonant tunnelling in a double quantum well structure of strongly correlated oxides, which offers practical advantages over conventional methods. R. Yukawa . M. Kobayashi . H. Kumigashira . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 Revealing nano-scale lattice distortions in implanted material with 3D Bragg ptychography . Atomic point defects formed by irradiation can dramatically alter material properties, but are difficult to probe, limiting understanding of their impact. Here, the authors introduce an x-ray microscopy approach, based on Bragg ptychography, to visualise the distortion caused by these otherwise invisible defects. Peng Li . Nicholas W. Phillips . Virginie Chamard . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 Spin-neutral currents for spintronics . Spin-polarised electric currents have been studied extensively for use in spintronics, while their spin-neutral counterparts have been largely ignored. Here Shao et al show that such spin-neutral currents can be controlled by the Neel vector orientation of an antiferromagnet?and detected using an antiferromagnetic tunnel junction. Ding-Fu Shao . Shu-Hui Zhang . Evgeny Y. Tsymbal . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 A crystalline radical cation derived from Thiele’s hydrocarbon with redox range beyond 1?V . Organic molecules that can access various redox states have potential applications in electronics, batteries, catalysis, among others. Here the authors report the preparation of an unsymmetrical organoboron analogue of Thiele’s hydrocarbon and study its one- and two-electron oxidation reactions; remarkably, the radical cation is stable over a redox range of >?1 V and can also be isolated. Ying Kai Loh . Petra Vasko . Simon Aldridge . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 SET activation of nitroarenes by 2-azaallyl anions as a straightforward access to 2,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazoles . Oxadiazoles are five-membered ring heterocycles comprising an oxygen and two nitrogens, and those with the 1,2,4-oxadiazole skeleton are of interest due to their prevalence in biologically active compounds. Here, the authors report a transition metal-free [3+2]-cycloaddition of nitroarenes with 2-azaallyl anions under basic conditions to access 2,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazoles. Dong Zou . Lishe Gan . Patrick J. Walsh . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 Subjects within Physical sciences . Astronomy and planetary science . Chemistry . Energy science and technology . Engineering . Materials science . Mathematics and computing . Nanoscience and technology . Optics and photonics . Physics . Earth and environmental sciences . Atlantic tropical cyclones downscaled from climate reanalyses show increasing activity over past 150 years . If the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones have changed over the last century, it is not well known, given the lack of reliable data before the mid-20th century. Here, the author uses a statistical-dynamical model to show an increase in tropical cyclone activity in the Atlantic since the 19th century. Kerry Emanuel . Article Open Access 02 Dec 2021 Carbon tax acceptability with information provision and mixed revenue uses . Public acceptability of carbon taxation is vital for its implementation. Here, the authors show that spending all revenues on climate projects, rather than mixing them, is the most acceptable policy, while information provision only increases acceptability for a carbon tax with unspecified revenues. Sara Maestre-Andrés . Stefan Drews . Jeroen van den Bergh . Article Open Access 02 Dec 2021 Substantial oxygen consumption by aerobic nitrite oxidation in oceanic oxygen minimum zones . Oxygen is fundamental for marine life, yet it is absent from large areas of the ocean. Here the authors demonstrate that microbial nitrite oxidation effectively consumes oxygen where oxygen concentrations are low, playing a pivotal role in these regions. J. M. Beman . S. M. Vargas . S. D. Wankel . Article Open Access 02 Dec 2021 Assessing costs of Indonesian fires and the benefits of restoring peatland . Deforestation and drainage have made Indonesian peatlands susceptible to burning. Here the authors find that Indonesia’s 2015 fires resulted in economic losses totaling US$28 billion, while the area burned and emissions released could have been significantly reduced had restoration been completed. L. Kiely . D. V. Spracklen . H. A. Adrianto . Article Open Access 02 Dec 2021 Global patterns of potential future plant diversity hidden in soil seed banks . Soil seed banks are reservoirs of plant biodiversity. Here the authors compile a global dataset of soil seed banks in natural plant communities and report a spatially explicit analysis of environmental controls of seed bank density and diversity. Xuejun Yang . Carol C. Baskin . Johannes H. C. Cornelissen . Article Open Access 02 Dec 2021 Subjects within Earth and environmental sciences . Biogeochemistry . Climate sciences . Ecology . Environmental sciences . Environmental social sciences . Hydrology . Limnology . Natural hazards . Ocean sciences . Planetary science . Solid Earth sciences . Space physics . Biological sciences . DeepRank: a deep learning framework for data mining 3D protein-protein interfaces . The authors present DeepRank, a deep learning framework for the data mining of large sets of 3D protein-protein interfaces (PPI). They use DeepRank to address two challenges in structural biology: distinguishing biological versus crystallographic PPIs in crystal structures, and secondly the ranking of docking models. Nicolas Renaud . Cunliang Geng . Li C. Xue . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 Reply to ‘Fetal side’ of the placenta: Anatomical mis-annotation of carbon particle ‘transfer’ across the human placenta . Eva Bongaerts . Hannelore Bové . Tim S. Nawrot . Matters Arising Open Access 03 Dec 2021 CRISPR-Cas9 effectors facilitate generation of single-sex litters and sex-specific phenotypes . In areas such as animal research and agriculture a single sex is often required in abundance, leading to wasted resources and ethical considerations. Here the authors develop a CRISPR/Cas9 mediated synthetic lethal system that enables the production of single sex offspring that can be repurposed for use in multiple organisms. Charlotte Douglas . Valdone Maciulyte . James M. A. Turner . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 Water sources aggregate parasites with increasing effects in more arid conditions . Amid climate and land use changes, it is important to identify and monitor hotspots of animal activity where disease transmission can occur. Using experimental and observational methods in an East African savannah, this study shows water sources increase the concentration of faecal-oral parasites in the environment and that this effect is amplified in drier areas and following periods of low rainfall. Georgia Titcomb . John Naisikie Mantas . Hillary Young . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 Higher order genetic interactions switch cancer genes from two-hit to one-hit drivers . In the classic two-hit model, both alleles of a tumour suppressor gene need to be inactivated in order to promote cancer. Here, the authors challenge this model, finding that many cancer genes can be either one-hit or two-hit drivers depending on the context and?other mutations in a tumor. Solip Park . Fran Supek . Ben Lehner . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 Subjects within Biological sciences . Biochemistry . Biological techniques . Biophysics . Biotechnology . Cancer . Cell biology . Chemical biology . Computational biology and bioinformatics . Developmental biology . Drug discovery . Ecology . Evolution . Genetics . Immunology . Microbiology . Molecular biology . Neuroscience . Physiology . Plant sciences . Psychology . Stem cells . Structural biology . Systems biology . Zoology . Health sciences . Reply to ‘Fetal side’ of the placenta: Anatomical mis-annotation of carbon particle ‘transfer’ across the human placenta . Eva Bongaerts . Hannelore Bové . Tim S. Nawrot . Matters Arising Open Access 03 Dec 2021 A deep learning framework identifies dimensional representations of Alzheimer’s Disease from brain structure . Alzheimer’s disease is heterogeneous in its neuroimaging and clinical phenotypes. Here the authors present a semi-supervised deep learning method, Smile-GAN, to show four neurodegenerative patterns and two progression pathways providing prognostic and clinical information. Zhijian Yang . Ilya M. Nasrallah . Balebail Ashok Raj . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 ‘Fetal side’ of the placenta: anatomical mis-annotation of carbon particle ‘transfer’ across the human placenta . Beth Holder . John D. Aplin . Ana C. Zenclussen . Matters Arising Open Access 03 Dec 2021 Modeling serological testing to inform relaxation of social distancing for COVID-19 control . Serological testing remains a passive component of the current public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a mathematical model, the authors examine how testing for antibodies could have enabled policies in which seropositive individuals increased their relative levels of social interaction while offsetting transmission risks Alicia N. M. Kraay . Kristin N. Nelson . Benjamin A. Lopman . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 Therapeutic vulnerability to PARP1,2 inhibition in RB1 -mutant osteosarcoma . RB1 mutations are seen in 40-60% of sporadic osteosarcoma. Here, the authors demonstrate a selective sensitivity to PARP inhibitors in RB1-mutated osteosarcoma-derived cell lines that is not associated with canonical signatures indicative of a homologous recombination defect. Georgia Zoumpoulidou . Carlos Alvarez-Mendoza . Sibylle Mittnacht . Article Open Access 03 Dec 2021 Subjects within Health sciences . Anatomy . Biomarkers . Cardiology . Diseases . Endocrinology . Gastroenterology . Health care . Health occupations . Medical research . Molecular medicine . Nephrology . Neurology . Oncology . Pathogenesis . Rheumatology . Risk factors . Signs and symptoms . Urology . Scientific community and society . A meritocratic network formation model for the rise of social media influencers . Dynamical development process of various social network platforms shows emergence and transformation of user communities. The authors model social network formation processes considering the meritocratic perspective, where users make their decisions based on the user-generated content. Nicolò Pagan . Wenjun Mei . Florian D?rfler . Article Open Access 30 Nov 2021 The role of urban trees in reducing land surface temperatures in European cities . Urban trees influence temperatures in cities. The authors here investigate in spatio-temporal variations in their cooling effect and find 8-12?K decreased temperatures for tree-rich urban areas in Central Europe during hot summers, and up to 4?K for Southern Europe, respectively. Jonas Schwaab . Ronny Meier . Edouard L. Davin . Article Open Access 23 Nov 2021 The reduction of race and gender bias in clinical treatment recommendations using clinician peer networks in an experimental setting . Race and gender bias in healthcare contribute to health disparities. Here the authors show in an experimental setting that structured information sharing networks among clinicians can reduce race and gender bias in medical decisions. Damon Centola . Douglas Guilbeault . Jingwen Zhang . Article Open Access 15 Nov 2021 A Deep Gravity model for mobility flows generation . The movements of individuals within and among cities influence critical aspects of our society, such as well-being, the spreading of epidemics, and the quality of the environment. Here, the authors use deep neural networks to discover non-linear relationships between geographical variables and mobility flows. Filippo Simini . Gianni Barlacchi . Luca Pappalardo . Article Open Access 12 Nov 2021 Air-conditioning and the adaptation cooling deficit in emerging economies . Adaptation to heat stress through the use of air conditioners has received increasing attention. Here the authors show that income and humidity adjusted temperature are common determinants for adopting air conditioning, but their relative contribution varies in relation to household characteristics. Filippo Pavanello . Enrica De Cian . André F. P. Lucena . Article Open Access 09 Nov 2021 Subjects within Scientific community and society . Agriculture . Business and industry . Developing world . Energy and society . Forestry . Geography . Scientific community . Social sciences . Water resources .
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