1. Introduction . Urbanization is an ongoing dynamic process worldwide [ 1 ], which has transformed many earthen surfaces in natural ecosystems into impervious surfaces [ 2 ]. Impervious surfaces mainly include man-made structures and related infrastructure that prevent water from soaking into the ground, including roads, rooftops, sidewalks, parking lots, and patios [ 3 ]. These impervious surfaces are not merely an indicator of urbanization but also a major contributor to some enviro...