Introduction . The analysis of nanofluids is one of the most demanding research areas due to the extensive range of applications in various industries and engineering fields. Because of their tiny size and large precise area, nanofluids have a high thermal conductivity, which aids in long-term stability and minimal blockage in a variety of physical phenomena like grinding, electronics refrigeration, peristaltic pumping utilized in treatments of diabetes, machining, and so on. Nanofluid i...