Introduction. The evolution of arthropod immune systems is shaped by the environment, longevity, nutrition, microbial exposure, development, and reproduction1,2. Yet, our current understanding of immunology is centered around Dipteran insects, which reflects an incomplete depiction of arthropod biological networks existing in nature3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Divergent signaling modules prevail between Dipterans and other arthropods, highlighting the complex and dynamic features occurring across evolut...