1. Introduction . This research presents methods and results of characterizing and correcting PIN photodiode 3D flash LiDAR cameras, with the goal of significantly simplifying and improving the calibration system design. 3D flash LiDAR detectors use time to digital conversion (TDC) circuits to estimate the time of flight of a pulse when a detection threshold is met [ 1 ]. As the underlying time to digital conversion (TDC) circuits require more space and power, these circuits will cause, in ...