European Initiative Moves to Introduce Standardizations for Diffuse Optics . BIRMINGHAM, England, June 20, 2022 — A collaboration between 12 European institutions aims to deliver performance assessment and standardization (PAS) in the field of diffuse optics (DO). DO analyzes how light is absorbed and scattered by biological tissues, using low-power near-infrared light to probe tissues at depths up to a few centimeters. The approach can also detect functional activation ...